5 thoughts on “How to use virtual memory can be the best running speed of the computer ??”
Gerardo
If your machine memory is too small and does not set up virtual memory, the memory will be insufficient, which will obviously affect the speed.
Windows virtual memory problems Detailed
It this article introduces the setting of virtual memory settings and related problems.
The effect in the computer in the computer is very large. All the running programs in the computer need to be executed by memory. If the procedure is large or many, the memory will be exhausted. To solve this problem, Windows uses virtual memory technology, that is, some hard disk space is used to serve as memory. When the memory is occupied, the computer will automatically call the hard disk to act as memory to alleviate memory tension. For example, if the computer only has 128MB physical memory, when reading a file with a capacity of 200MB, a relatively large virtual memory must be used. After the file is read by memory, it will be stored to the virtual memory first. After waiting for memory to store all the files to the virtual memory, then the files stored in the virtual interior will be released into the original installation directory.
Is when the system is running, first adjust the required instructions and data from external memory (such as hard disks, soft disks, discs, etc.) into the memory, and then read instructions or data from memory or data from memory or data for data. The operation and the operation results are stored in the memory, and the role of memory is like a "two -handed hand". When running a program requires a lot of data and occupies a large amount of memory, the warehouse of memory will be "full", and some data that is not used in this "warehouse" occupy a limited space, so this part must be " The data of inertia "please go out to freely use the" active "data. At this time, you need to build another reserve "warehouse" to store "inert" data. Due to the large space of the hard disk, the Microsoft Windows operating system selects the address of the reserve "warehouse" on the hard disk. This reserve "warehouse" is virtual memory. By default, the virtual memory is saved in the system partition of the hard disk with the exchange file called PageFile.Sysys.
The manual setting virtual memory
in the default state, which allows the system to manage virtual memory, but the management method of the system default Page files are not continuous, and the efficiency of reading and writing is not high, so the work efficiency is not high. Therefore, there will often be a prompt such as "insufficient memory". Let's set it up.
① Click the "My Computer" icon on the desktop with right -click, and select the "Properties" option to open the "System Properties" window in the right -click menu. Click the "Advanced" tab in the window to appear a high -level dialog box.
② Click the "Settings" button in the "Performance" area to select the "Advanced" tab in the "Performance Options" window to open its dialog box.
③ You can see the area of the virtual memory in this dialog box, and click the "Change" button to enter the setting window of the "Virtual Memory". Choose a partition with a large leisure capacity, check the check box before the "custom size", fill in the specific values in the "initial size" and "maximum value" column, and then click the "Settings → OK" button in turn. Yes, the computer is finally restarted to make the virtual memory setting effective.
The suggestion: It can be divided into a small partition for use for virtual memory, IE temporary file storage, etc. In the future, it can be regularly sorted out of the division to better improve the work efficiency of the computer.
. Customized virtual memory
1. General settings
According to the general setting method, the minimum value of virtual memory exchange files, maximum maximum maximum value, maximum maximum value The value can be set at the same time as 1.5 times the memory capacity, but if the memory itself is relatively large, such as the memory is 512MB, then the space it takes up is also considerable. Therefore, the basic value of the virtual memory can be set in this way: the memory capacity is below 256MB, and it is set to 1.5 times; more than 512MB is set to half of the memory capacity; the set between 256MB and 512MB is the same as the memory capacity.
2. Precise setting method
because the application of each person's actual operation is not the same. For example, some people want to run large programs such as 3DMAX, Photoshop, etc., and some people may may Just typing and playing some small games, so the requirements for virtual memory are not the same, so the value of the virtual memory space must be accurately set according to local conditions.
① Set the "initial size" and "maximum values" of virtual memory customized to two identical values, such as 500MB;
② then open the "control panel → Management tools → Performance ", in the" Performance "dialog box that appears, expand the" performance log and alert "in the left column, select the" counter log "under it, right -click in the blank space in the right column, select right -click, select right -click The "New Log Settings" option in the menu;
③ Fill in any name in the pop -up dialog box "name" column, such as "virtual memory test". Click the "Add Meter" button to enter the next window in the appearance of the window;
④ to open the drop -down list of "performance objects" in this window, select "Paging File" in it, check "in the list from the list Select the counter "and select"%usage peak "in the column below; check the" Select examples from the list ", select" _total "in the column below, and then click" Add → Close "to the end; r r r r r r r r r
⑥ can be found in the right column to find an additional "virtual memory test" project. If the project is red, it indicates that it has not been started. Click the item and select the "Start" option in the right -click menu;
In some applications commonly used in running, after running for a period of time, enter the default directory "Perflogs" under the system partition where the log file is located, find "Virtual Memory Test_000001.CSV" and use notepad this program for this program Open it, in this content, check the second value in each column. This value is the use ratio of the virtual memory. Find the maximum value of this value, such as "46" in the figure. (Virtual memory value set in the previous), the value is 230MB.
The initial size can be set to 230MB with this value, and the maximum value can be set freely according to the size of the disk space. It is generally recommended to set it to 2 to 3 times the minimum value. In this way, you can make the virtual memory more accurate, so that your loving machine runs smoother, more efficient
. Windows virtual memory accelerates secret
virtual memory It is very important for any version of Windows. If it is set properly, it will greatly improve the performance and operating speed of the computer. However, in the default state, Windows always sets up virtual memory 1.5 times that of physical memory. In this way, if the user installs 2GB of memory, the system will free up a hard disk space up to 3GB as a virtual memory. But in terms of current mainstream application software and games for memory, there is no need to use so many virtual memory at all. So, is there any secret technique or trick to make the virtual memory more efficient or more effective?
1. The division is stored in multiple hard disks
On faster hard disks, the operation of virtual memory can indeed be more efficient. However, if the two hard disks on the computer are as fast as the speed, the virtual memory should be evenly distributed on two different hard disks (not different partitions with the same hard disk). Because synchronous reading and writing operations will more effectively improve the overall virtual memory performance of the system.
For example, suppose you originally set up 700MB of virtual memory on the hard disk C. Now you can try to re -assign, that is, change the hard disk C to 350MB, and the hard disk D newly increases the virtual memory of 350MB. In theory, doing this will speed up the overall reading and writing operation of the virtual memory.
2, the hard disk needs sufficient space
If you are not a very experienced computer user, or there is no special specialty The requirements for use, selecting "System Management Size" in Windows XP to automatically process virtual memory. Generally, it should be safer and stable than the method of selecting "custom size". However, one point must be noted that because the "pagefile.sys) of virtual memory will shrink and expand with the computer's use process, in order to enable the system to manage the virtual memory smoothly and more flexible, the pagination must be guaranteed to ensure the pages. The hard disk where the file is located has enough available space.
3, the minimum value is equal to the maximum value
The method of selecting "custom size" to handle virtual memory, and set the maximum and minimum value to the same value. Many people believe that using this method to handle virtual memory to help improve the performance of the system. The reason they hold is that when the maximum values and minimum values are equal, the system does not need to keep shrinking and expanding the movement of page files at all times. Save these tasks, correspondingly to improve system efficiency.
This methods, many people firmly believe that it is effective, but similarly, some people point out that it is not effective. But no matter what, if the maximum value and minimum value are equal, we must adhere to a principle, that is, the size of the virtual memory must be sufficient, otherwise the system will be light. Space), seriousness will cause system instability.
4, sorting the page file
The file data has been stored on the hard disk for a long time, and the file fragments (fragments) will naturally produce. To maintain or improve the efficiency of the hard disk, it should be sorted out for the hard disk from time to time. The so -called virtual memory is actually the data file on the hard disk. So should the virtual memory also need to be sorted like a common file?
Windows system processing page file (that is, virtual memory). document. In contrast, the page files are less fragmented than general files. It is usually unnecessary to organize the page files. In fact, when Windows XP is sorted by disk fragmentation, the page file is not involved.
Although Windows does not organize page files, in fact, page files also have fragments. Friends who are pursuing "perfect" may still want to sort out page files. You might as well try the following method:
The right -click on the desktop "My Computer" icon, select "Properties" in the subsequent function menu. Enter the setting window of the system attribute, select "Advanced"-> "Performance"-> "Settings"-> "Advanced"-> "Change", in the subsequent "virtual memory" setting window Select "Pagling No File". Finally, click the "Settings" button to exit and restart the computer.
In restarting, check if there is no PageFile.sys page file in the disk root directory, and delete it if there is any. After removing the page file of the virtual memory, disk fragmentation is now carried out. After the completion, a certain amount of virtual memory is set according to the previous steps, and the computer is started to take effect. After the above method is processed, the newly obtained page files will not be fragmented.
It, if you want to view the specific situation of the page file fragments? Start the disk fragmentation program, "analyze" for a hard disk with page files, and click the "View Report" to see to see The column of "Page File Fragment" will be clear at a glance.
5, the ideal size of virtual memory
It to deal with virtual memory in the method of "custom size". What is the virtual memory? In Windows XP, if the operating system defines the virtual memory itself, the system usually sets the minimum value to 1.5 times the physical memory. When extended, the maximum value is 2.5 to 3 times the physical memory. Under normal circumstances, if users want to customize the size of the virtual memory, they can refer to this proportion.
It really need to refer to this ratio? If the computer has 1GB of memory, it cannot be set to 1.5GB, and the maximum value is 2.5 to 3GB. Thus. Pagefile.sys page files are at least 1.5GB, which is too unrealistic!
In fact, the system of large memory systems is a bit different when setting up virtual memory compared with the system of small memory.
If you have more than 512MB or even 1GB of memory, since the physical memory is quite sufficient, the required virtual memory should be reduced. Therefore, in a large memory system, the minimum value of virtual memory can be set to half of the physical memory. For example, with a 1GB memory, the minimum value of the virtual memory is set to 512MB, and the maximum value maintains 3GB to prepare from time to time. Note: Although the maximum value is set to 3GB, the system will not immediately appear a 3GB of PageFile.sys file. In fact, it will first appear at the minimum value and increase when it is expanded.
It some friends with large memory may simply set up virtual memory to force the system to use fast memory. In fact, this is a wise approach. As the so -called things do not do too much, there is no virtual memory at all. The reason is that many applications require virtual memory when designing. Without it, the system is unstable or crash.
Is for small memory systems, such as 256MB, refer to 1.5 times and 3 times the setting ratio. That is, the minimum virtual memory is set to 384MB, and the maximum value is 768MB.
6, hand -made most accurate virtual memory
0.5 times, 1.5 times, 3 times, wow! It seems to be large, medium, and trumpet when buying clothes. personality. Is there a way to set up virtual memory?
"Start" in the Windows XP desktop → enter perfmon.msc in the "run". Will appear. Looking at the bottom of the display, there are three counter (Pages/Sec, AVG.DISK QUEUE Length and ROCESSOR TIME). In order to facilitate the next precise monitoring of the page file of the virtual memory, please select these three counter one by one, and press the delete key on the keyboard to delete them. Please rest assured that after deleting, the next three projects will reappear when the system performance monitor is started next time.
In the deletion, right -click the mouse button in the center of the chart, click the "Add counter" in the subsequent function menu, follow the "performance object" column in the "performance object" column in the window. "Process". Then click "Page File Bytes" in the "Selection of the List". It is not clear what the "Page File Bytes" means. As long as you click the "Explanation" button, the text will appear under the dialog box.
In "Page File Bytes", then select "Total" item in the "Select Examples of List" on the right, and then click the "Add" and "Close" button in turn. The counter named "Page File Bytes" will appear under the performance monitor.
Repeat the above action, and add a counter called "Page File Bytes Peak" (that is, Page File Bytes Peak).
Now, looking back at the monitor, the chart should be displayed and measured the two new counters just added. If there is no accident, the display of these two counter on the chart is incorrect, that is, the value is close to the highest proportional line, and there is no dynamic change. Don't be afraid, this does not mean that there is something wrong with your computer, but it is not appropriate to set the chart ratio! Right -click "Page Fele Bytes" and "Page File by8tes Peak" counter at the bottom of the monitor. And select "attribute". The "proportion" column of the "Data" page is changed to 0.0000001, so that the chart in the display is no longer without movement.
If you have seen the instructions provided by the system, I believe that "Page File Bytes" and "Page File Bytes Peak" are exactly how big the virtual memory and its peaks used during the system monitoring. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately set the virtual memory, and you can refer to the numbers displayed below the chart. The unit is BYTES.
What virtual memory will your system consume? Please start and let them start working at the same time and let them start working at the same time, and then look at the values displayed on the performance monitor.
Men people are always crazy. I want to know how much virtual memory is needed when using the computer crazy to use the computer. The window access the Internet, play MP3 and DVD videos, and then perform a CD -ROM or DV video compression coding) to see how much the monitor will increase.
Right -click the mouse on the chart, click "Properties", and enter the "Chart" page to check the "horizontal grid". In this way, there will be a horizontal segmentation line in the chart. Is it easy to distinguish it?
The red vertical line in the chart runs too fast. Can't time to open the program on the computer for testing?
The same, right -click on the chart, select "Properties", and change 1 second to 5 seconds in the "automatic sampling interval" of the conventional page. At this time, the "graphic time" value in the chart will change from 1 minute and 40 seconds to 8 minutes and 20 seconds. In other words, the red vertical line takes 8 minutes and 20 seconds after walking. This time should be enough to let everyone open and run many applications, and then slowly check the results in the chart.
Finally, through the chart of the monitor, I believe that everyone can roughly estimate how big your computer system should set up.
. Several possibilities of "insufficient virtual memory" may appear
1, virus
The system has the problem of insufficient memory. Quickly go to anti -virus, upgrade the virus library, and then take anti -virus measures!
2. Improper virtual memory settings
Improppulsum virtual memory settings may also cause insufficient memory. In general, the size of the virtual memory is 2 times the size of the physical memory. If it is set too small, it will affect the normal operation of the system program. Taking the size of the virtual memory as an example, right -click "My Computer", select "Properties", and then click the "Settings" button in the "Performance" box to switch to the "Advanced" tab page Then click the "Change" button in the "Virtual Memory" box, then set the virtual memory size, and restart the system after completion.
3, the system space is insufficient
The virtual memory file is in the system disk, such as WinXP's virtual memory file called "Pagefile.sys". Small, resulting in insufficient virtual memory, and also the problem of insufficient memory. At least 300MB of remaining space should be retained in the system disk. Of course, this value depends on the actual needs of the user. Users try not to install a variety of application software in the system disk to ensure that there is enough space for virtual memory files, and it is best to place virtual memory files into non -system disks.
4, because the System user permission settings are improper
When the NT kernel -based Windows system starts, System users will create virtual memory files for the system. Some users use the NTFS file system for the system's security, but the authority of System users "write" and "modify" the System users in the system disk cannot create virtual memory files for the system. When running large programs, there will The problem of insufficient memory. The problem is very easy to solve, as long as the System users "write" and "modify" the permissions, but this is limited to the user who uses the NTFS file system.
. Optimization of virtual memory
1. Enable disk to write cache
-> Hardware ", open the device manager to find the hard disk currently in use, right -click the mouse button to select the attribute. In the "Strategy" page of the hard disk attribute, open the "Enter the Cacus on the Disk".
The option will activate the cache of the hard disk, thereby increasing the read and writing speed of the hard disk. However, it should be noted that after this function is turned on, if the computer suddenly power off, the data may cause irreparable data. Therefore, it is best to open this feature with UPS. Of course, if you do n’t do any important data processing work when you usually use your computer, it does n’t matter without UPS. This function will not cause too much loss to the system.
2. Open Ultra MDA
In the "Basic/Second Idee Controller" in the device management. ", Open the" Advanced Settings "page. The most important setting items here is the "transmission mode", and generally you should choose "DMA (if available)".
3. Configuration recovery option
Windows XP runs when encountering fatal errors during running. For users, this file is not useful, but it will affect the performance of virtual memory. So it should be closed.
Right-click on "My Computer", select "Properties-> Advanced", click the "Settings" button under "Performance", and select "Advanced" in "Performance Options" Page. Here is a "memory use" option. If it is set to "system cache", Windows XP uses about 4MB of physical memory as a cache for reading and writing hard disks. This can greatly improve data exchange between physical memory and virtual memory. speed. By default, this option is closed. If the computer's physical memory is sufficient, such as 256M or more, it is best to open this option. However, if the physical memory is tight, the default option should be retained.
The settings of the page file
. Calculation of the size of the page file
For different computers, the size of the page file is different. of. There are two widely circulated "formulas", "physical memory X2.5" or "physical memory X1.5". These two calculations are simple, but they are not suitable for all computers. The most accurate way to set the page file size is to see the size of the page files that the computer actually uses in normal operation.
The log function that comes with Windows XP can monitor the size of the page file used by the computer, so as to perform the most accurate settings. The specific steps are as follows.
1. Right-click on "My Computer", select "Properties-> Advanced", click the "Settings" button below "Performance", then select the "Advanced" page, click The "Change" button below "Virtual Memory". Choose "custom size" and set "start size" and "maximum values" to 300M, which is just a temporary setting. After the setting is completed, the computer is restarted to take effect.
2. Enter "Control Panel-> Performance and Maintenance-> Management Tools", "Performance", "Performance Log and Warning", "Diger Log". Right -click on the right side of the window to select "New Log Setting"
3, just set a log name, such as "monitoring virtual memory size".
4. Click the "Add Meter" button on the "Conventional" page.
In "PAGING FILE" in "Performance Object", and then select "%USAGE Peak" below the "Select the List" and Select "_total". Finally, click the "Add" and "Close" button.
5, don't forget to remember the log file storage position and file name in the "Log File" page, you need to check this log later to determine how much virtual memory the Windows XP usually uses. In this example, in this example The log file is stored in the D: Perflog directory.
It also set "Log file type" as "text file", so that it is easy to read.
It at this time you can see that the current surface of the log bar just built just now becomes green, which indicates that the log system is already monitoring virtual memory. If the icon is still red, you should click the mouse to select "Start" to start this log.
In open this CVS file after a period of time, you can see the following content.
This files record the use of the page file in this period of time. Note that the unit here is%, not MB. Through simple calculations, the minimum size of the page file can be obtained. The formula is "page file size x percentage". For example, in this example, the maximum usage ratio of virtual memory is 31%, 300MBX31%= 93MB. This value is the minimum value of virtual memory (note that 300MB is the temporary value of the previous settings).
If the physical memory is large, you can consider setting the "start size" and "maximum value" of the page file to equal, which is equal to the size calculated in the previous step. In this way, the hard disk will not cause disk fragments due to the transition expansion of the page file. Its side effects are because the "maximum value" is set. In case of accidental virtual memory overrun, the system may cause system collapse.
Set the page file
In the setting dialog box of "virtual memory" to select the custom size and set the "initial size" and "maximum maximum calculation results above the calculation results above value". The "initial size" is set to 91m here, and the "maximum value" is set to 200M, which is more secure.
The pieces of pieces of page files
Windows XP requires a lot of access file files. If the page files appear fragments, the system performance will be seriously affected, and the hard disk will be shortened by the hard disk Life life. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly sort out the page files.
. Don't forget, the page file is the key file of the system. Windows XP cannot access it when running. So it is not easy for it to organize it. There are two schemes to choose from. One is to install the Windows dual system, and then start another Windows to make fragmented by the partition where Windows XP is located. The second is to use special tool software, such as SYSTEM FILE.
There are many saying on virtual memory settings, the following statements for your reference. 1. The setting of memory is mainly set according to your memory size and the purpose of the computer. The so -called virtual memory is to use the memory of some hard disk space when your physical memory is not enough. However, because the speed of the hard disk transmission is much slower than the memory transmission speed, the virtual memory is slower than the physical memory efficiency. The actual value of the individual should be adjusted many times. Too a large number of fragments are set up, which seriously affects the speed of the system. If the set is too small, it is not enough, so the system will indicate that the virtual memory is too small. 2. In general, Windows can from motion allocation management virtual memory. It can dynamically adjust the size of the virtual memory according to the actual memory. 3, custom virtual memory, generally default virtual memory size is to take a range value, it is best to give it a fixed value, so that it is not easy to produce disk fragments. The specific value is determined according to your physical memory size. Generally It is 128MB of physical memory 2-3 times, 256MB is 1.5-2 times, 512MB is 1-1.5 times, and 1GB is 0.5 times or no. rn4、具体步骤如下：右键单击“我的电脑”→属性→高级→性能设置→高级→虚拟内存更改→选择虚拟内存（页面文件）存放的分区→自定义大小→确定最大值和Minimum value → setting → OK. 5, the partition stored in virtual memory (page file) must have enough space, insufficient hard disk resources, resulting in insufficient virtual memory.
As we all know, the task of the operating system is mainly to reasonably allocate various resources of the system and provide the operating environment for various procedures. It can be regarded as a medium between hardware and application software. Among them, the management of memory is one of the main responsibilities of the system. How to use limited memory on the blade and how to get rid of the "bottleneck" limit required by the system itself is a question worthy of our concern.
What is virtual memory
In I do n’t know if you find no, there is a system file called PageFile.sys in the Windows 2000 (XP) directory (Windows 98 is win386. SWP), its size often changes by itself. When it is small, it may only be tens of mega, and there are hundreds of megamies when they are large. This kind of irregular change really makes many people feel confused. In fact, PageFile.Sys is a virtual memory under Windows. Its role is basically similar to physical memory, but it exists as a "backup force" as a physical memory. That is to say, only when physical memory is not enough It will play a role.
The production of virtual memory
Is all know that although the hard disk is not as good as memory at the operation speed, the memory cannot be compared with the hard disk. When running a program requires a lot of data and occupies a large amount of memory, the memory will be "stuffed" and put those data that is temporarily unused to the hard disk, and the space of these data is virtual memory. Now we also understand why the size of PageFile.sys has often changed.
The optimization of virtual memory
The size of virtual memory is controlled by Windows, but this default Windows setting is not the best solution, so we have to treat it for it Make some adjustments. In this way, the best performance of the system can be used.
1. The position of the page file
The purpose is to maintain the continuity of the virtual memory. Because the hard disk read data is read on the magnetic material by magnetic heads, the page file is placed on different areas on the disk, and the magnetic head must jump around, which is naturally not conducive to improving efficiency. Moreover, there are many system disk files, and virtual memory must be discontinuous, so it must be placed on other disks. The method of changing the page file position of the page is: right -click "My Computer" with a mouse, select "Properties → Advanced → Performance Settings → Advanced Virtual Memory", select the position you want to change in the driver bar (see Figure 1) Just accept it. It is worth noting that when the page file is moved, the original file should be deleted (the system will not delete automatically).
FIG. 1 Change the position of the page file
2. Change the size of the page file
After changing the position of the page file, we can also be right Its size is adjusted (as shown in Figure 2). We need to pay attention when adjusting, do not set the maximum and smallest page files to equal value. Because the memory is usually not really "full", it will automatically put a part of the temporary unused data on the hard disk when the memory reaches reaches a certain degree. The larger the minimum page file, the lower the proportion, and the slower the execution speed. The maximum page file is the limit. Sometimes it opens a lot of programs. The memory and minimum page files are "full", and it will automatically overflow to the maximum page file. So it is unreasonable to set the two as equal values. Under normal circumstances, the smallest page file is set smaller, so that the more data can be stored as much as possible in the memory, the higher the efficiency. The largest page file is set larger to avoid "full" situation.
FIG. 2 Adjust the size of the page file
. Disable page files
When there is more than 512MB of memory, the function of the page file will be No longer obvious, so we can disable it. The method is: under the registry editor "HKEY_LOCAL_ MA-", in "DisablePa-Ging Executive" option, it can be set to "1" (Figure 3).
Figure 3 Disable page files
4. Clear page files
have a "(clear page file when shutting down), Set this value to "1" (as shown in Figure 4). The "Clear" page file mentioned here does not refer to the full delete PageFile.sys file from the hard disk, but "cleaning" and organizing it, so as to better use virtual memory to prepare for the next start of Windows XP to start Windows XP. Essence
Figure 4 Clear page files
Dingdang review: This article explains the concept and optimization method of virtual memory more in detail. It allows us to understand the working relationship between memory and hard disk, and at the same time that the virtual memory is not bigger and better, but reasonable adjustments should be made according to the specific configuration of the computer. I believe that after truly understanding and mastering the role and optimization method of virtual memory, it will definitely improve the performance of love machines.
The minimum value = 1.5 times the physical memory The maximum value = 2.5 times the physical memory If your physical memory is greater than 1g! You don't need to set it out! not! Do not allocate automatically with the system! That would be very slow
According to Microsoft's suggestions (the initial value and maximum value is set to the same value) The physical memory is less than 256m, and the virtual memory is set to 2 times the physical memory The physical memory is greater than 256m, less than 512m, and virtual memory settings It is 1.5 times the physical memory The physical memory is greater than 512M less than 1g. The virtual memory is the same value as the physical memory The physical memory is greater than 1g, so there is no need to set the virtual memory, haha ~~
If your machine memory is too small and does not set up virtual memory, the memory will be insufficient, which will obviously affect the speed.
Windows virtual memory problems Detailed
It this article introduces the setting of virtual memory settings and related problems.
The effect in the computer in the computer is very large. All the running programs in the computer need to be executed by memory. If the procedure is large or many, the memory will be exhausted. To solve this problem, Windows uses virtual memory technology, that is, some hard disk space is used to serve as memory. When the memory is occupied, the computer will automatically call the hard disk to act as memory to alleviate memory tension. For example, if the computer only has 128MB physical memory, when reading a file with a capacity of 200MB, a relatively large virtual memory must be used. After the file is read by memory, it will be stored to the virtual memory first. After waiting for memory to store all the files to the virtual memory, then the files stored in the virtual interior will be released into the original installation directory.
Is when the system is running, first adjust the required instructions and data from external memory (such as hard disks, soft disks, discs, etc.) into the memory, and then read instructions or data from memory or data from memory or data for data. The operation and the operation results are stored in the memory, and the role of memory is like a "two -handed hand". When running a program requires a lot of data and occupies a large amount of memory, the warehouse of memory will be "full", and some data that is not used in this "warehouse" occupy a limited space, so this part must be " The data of inertia "please go out to freely use the" active "data. At this time, you need to build another reserve "warehouse" to store "inert" data. Due to the large space of the hard disk, the Microsoft Windows operating system selects the address of the reserve "warehouse" on the hard disk. This reserve "warehouse" is virtual memory. By default, the virtual memory is saved in the system partition of the hard disk with the exchange file called PageFile.Sysys.
The manual setting virtual memory
in the default state, which allows the system to manage virtual memory, but the management method of the system default Page files are not continuous, and the efficiency of reading and writing is not high, so the work efficiency is not high. Therefore, there will often be a prompt such as "insufficient memory". Let's set it up.
① Click the "My Computer" icon on the desktop with right -click, and select the "Properties" option to open the "System Properties" window in the right -click menu. Click the "Advanced" tab in the window to appear a high -level dialog box.
② Click the "Settings" button in the "Performance" area to select the "Advanced" tab in the "Performance Options" window to open its dialog box.
③ You can see the area of the virtual memory in this dialog box, and click the "Change" button to enter the setting window of the "Virtual Memory". Choose a partition with a large leisure capacity, check the check box before the "custom size", fill in the specific values in the "initial size" and "maximum value" column, and then click the "Settings → OK" button in turn. Yes, the computer is finally restarted to make the virtual memory setting effective.
The suggestion: It can be divided into a small partition for use for virtual memory, IE temporary file storage, etc. In the future, it can be regularly sorted out of the division to better improve the work efficiency of the computer.
. Customized virtual memory
1. General settings
According to the general setting method, the minimum value of virtual memory exchange files, maximum maximum maximum value, maximum maximum value The value can be set at the same time as 1.5 times the memory capacity, but if the memory itself is relatively large, such as the memory is 512MB, then the space it takes up is also considerable. Therefore, the basic value of the virtual memory can be set in this way: the memory capacity is below 256MB, and it is set to 1.5 times; more than 512MB is set to half of the memory capacity; the set between 256MB and 512MB is the same as the memory capacity.
2. Precise setting method
because the application of each person's actual operation is not the same. For example, some people want to run large programs such as 3DMAX, Photoshop, etc., and some people may may Just typing and playing some small games, so the requirements for virtual memory are not the same, so the value of the virtual memory space must be accurately set according to local conditions.
① Set the "initial size" and "maximum values" of virtual memory customized to two identical values, such as 500MB;
② then open the "control panel → Management tools → Performance ", in the" Performance "dialog box that appears, expand the" performance log and alert "in the left column, select the" counter log "under it, right -click in the blank space in the right column, select right -click, select right -click The "New Log Settings" option in the menu;
③ Fill in any name in the pop -up dialog box "name" column, such as "virtual memory test". Click the "Add Meter" button to enter the next window in the appearance of the window;
④ to open the drop -down list of "performance objects" in this window, select "Paging File" in it, check "in the list from the list Select the counter "and select"%usage peak "in the column below; check the" Select examples from the list ", select" _total "in the column below, and then click" Add → Close "to the end; r r r r r r r r r
⑥ can be found in the right column to find an additional "virtual memory test" project. If the project is red, it indicates that it has not been started. Click the item and select the "Start" option in the right -click menu;
In some applications commonly used in running, after running for a period of time, enter the default directory "Perflogs" under the system partition where the log file is located, find "Virtual Memory Test_000001.CSV" and use notepad this program for this program Open it, in this content, check the second value in each column. This value is the use ratio of the virtual memory. Find the maximum value of this value, such as "46" in the figure. (Virtual memory value set in the previous), the value is 230MB.
The initial size can be set to 230MB with this value, and the maximum value can be set freely according to the size of the disk space. It is generally recommended to set it to 2 to 3 times the minimum value. In this way, you can make the virtual memory more accurate, so that your loving machine runs smoother, more efficient
. Windows virtual memory accelerates secret
virtual memory It is very important for any version of Windows. If it is set properly, it will greatly improve the performance and operating speed of the computer. However, in the default state, Windows always sets up virtual memory 1.5 times that of physical memory. In this way, if the user installs 2GB of memory, the system will free up a hard disk space up to 3GB as a virtual memory. But in terms of current mainstream application software and games for memory, there is no need to use so many virtual memory at all. So, is there any secret technique or trick to make the virtual memory more efficient or more effective?
1. The division is stored in multiple hard disks
On faster hard disks, the operation of virtual memory can indeed be more efficient. However, if the two hard disks on the computer are as fast as the speed, the virtual memory should be evenly distributed on two different hard disks (not different partitions with the same hard disk). Because synchronous reading and writing operations will more effectively improve the overall virtual memory performance of the system.
For example, suppose you originally set up 700MB of virtual memory on the hard disk C. Now you can try to re -assign, that is, change the hard disk C to 350MB, and the hard disk D newly increases the virtual memory of 350MB. In theory, doing this will speed up the overall reading and writing operation of the virtual memory.
2, the hard disk needs sufficient space
If you are not a very experienced computer user, or there is no special specialty The requirements for use, selecting "System Management Size" in Windows XP to automatically process virtual memory. Generally, it should be safer and stable than the method of selecting "custom size". However, one point must be noted that because the "pagefile.sys) of virtual memory will shrink and expand with the computer's use process, in order to enable the system to manage the virtual memory smoothly and more flexible, the pagination must be guaranteed to ensure the pages. The hard disk where the file is located has enough available space.
3, the minimum value is equal to the maximum value
The method of selecting "custom size" to handle virtual memory, and set the maximum and minimum value to the same value. Many people believe that using this method to handle virtual memory to help improve the performance of the system. The reason they hold is that when the maximum values and minimum values are equal, the system does not need to keep shrinking and expanding the movement of page files at all times. Save these tasks, correspondingly to improve system efficiency.
This methods, many people firmly believe that it is effective, but similarly, some people point out that it is not effective. But no matter what, if the maximum value and minimum value are equal, we must adhere to a principle, that is, the size of the virtual memory must be sufficient, otherwise the system will be light. Space), seriousness will cause system instability.
4, sorting the page file
The file data has been stored on the hard disk for a long time, and the file fragments (fragments) will naturally produce. To maintain or improve the efficiency of the hard disk, it should be sorted out for the hard disk from time to time. The so -called virtual memory is actually the data file on the hard disk. So should the virtual memory also need to be sorted like a common file?
Windows system processing page file (that is, virtual memory). document. In contrast, the page files are less fragmented than general files. It is usually unnecessary to organize the page files. In fact, when Windows XP is sorted by disk fragmentation, the page file is not involved.
Although Windows does not organize page files, in fact, page files also have fragments. Friends who are pursuing "perfect" may still want to sort out page files. You might as well try the following method:
The right -click on the desktop "My Computer" icon, select "Properties" in the subsequent function menu. Enter the setting window of the system attribute, select "Advanced"-> "Performance"-> "Settings"-> "Advanced"-> "Change", in the subsequent "virtual memory" setting window Select "Pagling No File". Finally, click the "Settings" button to exit and restart the computer.
In restarting, check if there is no PageFile.sys page file in the disk root directory, and delete it if there is any. After removing the page file of the virtual memory, disk fragmentation is now carried out. After the completion, a certain amount of virtual memory is set according to the previous steps, and the computer is started to take effect. After the above method is processed, the newly obtained page files will not be fragmented.
It, if you want to view the specific situation of the page file fragments? Start the disk fragmentation program, "analyze" for a hard disk with page files, and click the "View Report" to see to see The column of "Page File Fragment" will be clear at a glance.
5, the ideal size of virtual memory
It to deal with virtual memory in the method of "custom size". What is the virtual memory? In Windows XP, if the operating system defines the virtual memory itself, the system usually sets the minimum value to 1.5 times the physical memory. When extended, the maximum value is 2.5 to 3 times the physical memory. Under normal circumstances, if users want to customize the size of the virtual memory, they can refer to this proportion.
It really need to refer to this ratio? If the computer has 1GB of memory, it cannot be set to 1.5GB, and the maximum value is 2.5 to 3GB. Thus. Pagefile.sys page files are at least 1.5GB, which is too unrealistic!
In fact, the system of large memory systems is a bit different when setting up virtual memory compared with the system of small memory.
If you have more than 512MB or even 1GB of memory, since the physical memory is quite sufficient, the required virtual memory should be reduced. Therefore, in a large memory system, the minimum value of virtual memory can be set to half of the physical memory. For example, with a 1GB memory, the minimum value of the virtual memory is set to 512MB, and the maximum value maintains 3GB to prepare from time to time. Note: Although the maximum value is set to 3GB, the system will not immediately appear a 3GB of PageFile.sys file. In fact, it will first appear at the minimum value and increase when it is expanded.
It some friends with large memory may simply set up virtual memory to force the system to use fast memory. In fact, this is a wise approach. As the so -called things do not do too much, there is no virtual memory at all. The reason is that many applications require virtual memory when designing. Without it, the system is unstable or crash.
Is for small memory systems, such as 256MB, refer to 1.5 times and 3 times the setting ratio. That is, the minimum virtual memory is set to 384MB, and the maximum value is 768MB.
6, hand -made most accurate virtual memory
0.5 times, 1.5 times, 3 times, wow! It seems to be large, medium, and trumpet when buying clothes. personality. Is there a way to set up virtual memory?
"Start" in the Windows XP desktop → enter perfmon.msc in the "run". Will appear. Looking at the bottom of the display, there are three counter (Pages/Sec, AVG.DISK QUEUE Length and ROCESSOR TIME). In order to facilitate the next precise monitoring of the page file of the virtual memory, please select these three counter one by one, and press the delete key on the keyboard to delete them. Please rest assured that after deleting, the next three projects will reappear when the system performance monitor is started next time.
In the deletion, right -click the mouse button in the center of the chart, click the "Add counter" in the subsequent function menu, follow the "performance object" column in the "performance object" column in the window. "Process". Then click "Page File Bytes" in the "Selection of the List". It is not clear what the "Page File Bytes" means. As long as you click the "Explanation" button, the text will appear under the dialog box.
In "Page File Bytes", then select "Total" item in the "Select Examples of List" on the right, and then click the "Add" and "Close" button in turn. The counter named "Page File Bytes" will appear under the performance monitor.
Repeat the above action, and add a counter called "Page File Bytes Peak" (that is, Page File Bytes Peak).
Now, looking back at the monitor, the chart should be displayed and measured the two new counters just added. If there is no accident, the display of these two counter on the chart is incorrect, that is, the value is close to the highest proportional line, and there is no dynamic change. Don't be afraid, this does not mean that there is something wrong with your computer, but it is not appropriate to set the chart ratio! Right -click "Page Fele Bytes" and "Page File by8tes Peak" counter at the bottom of the monitor. And select "attribute". The "proportion" column of the "Data" page is changed to 0.0000001, so that the chart in the display is no longer without movement.
If you have seen the instructions provided by the system, I believe that "Page File Bytes" and "Page File Bytes Peak" are exactly how big the virtual memory and its peaks used during the system monitoring. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately set the virtual memory, and you can refer to the numbers displayed below the chart. The unit is BYTES.
What virtual memory will your system consume? Please start and let them start working at the same time and let them start working at the same time, and then look at the values displayed on the performance monitor.
Men people are always crazy. I want to know how much virtual memory is needed when using the computer crazy to use the computer. The window access the Internet, play MP3 and DVD videos, and then perform a CD -ROM or DV video compression coding) to see how much the monitor will increase.
Right -click the mouse on the chart, click "Properties", and enter the "Chart" page to check the "horizontal grid". In this way, there will be a horizontal segmentation line in the chart. Is it easy to distinguish it?
The red vertical line in the chart runs too fast. Can't time to open the program on the computer for testing?
The same, right -click on the chart, select "Properties", and change 1 second to 5 seconds in the "automatic sampling interval" of the conventional page. At this time, the "graphic time" value in the chart will change from 1 minute and 40 seconds to 8 minutes and 20 seconds. In other words, the red vertical line takes 8 minutes and 20 seconds after walking. This time should be enough to let everyone open and run many applications, and then slowly check the results in the chart.
Finally, through the chart of the monitor, I believe that everyone can roughly estimate how big your computer system should set up.
. Several possibilities of "insufficient virtual memory" may appear
1, virus
The system has the problem of insufficient memory. Quickly go to anti -virus, upgrade the virus library, and then take anti -virus measures!
2. Improper virtual memory settings
Improppulsum virtual memory settings may also cause insufficient memory. In general, the size of the virtual memory is 2 times the size of the physical memory. If it is set too small, it will affect the normal operation of the system program. Taking the size of the virtual memory as an example, right -click "My Computer", select "Properties", and then click the "Settings" button in the "Performance" box to switch to the "Advanced" tab page Then click the "Change" button in the "Virtual Memory" box, then set the virtual memory size, and restart the system after completion.
3, the system space is insufficient
The virtual memory file is in the system disk, such as WinXP's virtual memory file called "Pagefile.sys". Small, resulting in insufficient virtual memory, and also the problem of insufficient memory. At least 300MB of remaining space should be retained in the system disk. Of course, this value depends on the actual needs of the user. Users try not to install a variety of application software in the system disk to ensure that there is enough space for virtual memory files, and it is best to place virtual memory files into non -system disks.
4, because the System user permission settings are improper
When the NT kernel -based Windows system starts, System users will create virtual memory files for the system. Some users use the NTFS file system for the system's security, but the authority of System users "write" and "modify" the System users in the system disk cannot create virtual memory files for the system. When running large programs, there will The problem of insufficient memory. The problem is very easy to solve, as long as the System users "write" and "modify" the permissions, but this is limited to the user who uses the NTFS file system.
. Optimization of virtual memory
1. Enable disk to write cache
-> Hardware ", open the device manager to find the hard disk currently in use, right -click the mouse button to select the attribute. In the "Strategy" page of the hard disk attribute, open the "Enter the Cacus on the Disk".
The option will activate the cache of the hard disk, thereby increasing the read and writing speed of the hard disk. However, it should be noted that after this function is turned on, if the computer suddenly power off, the data may cause irreparable data. Therefore, it is best to open this feature with UPS. Of course, if you do n’t do any important data processing work when you usually use your computer, it does n’t matter without UPS. This function will not cause too much loss to the system.
2. Open Ultra MDA
In the "Basic/Second Idee Controller" in the device management. ", Open the" Advanced Settings "page. The most important setting items here is the "transmission mode", and generally you should choose "DMA (if available)".
3. Configuration recovery option
Windows XP runs when encountering fatal errors during running. For users, this file is not useful, but it will affect the performance of virtual memory. So it should be closed.
Right-click on "My Computer", select "Properties-> Advanced", click the "Settings" button under "Performance", and select "Advanced" in "Performance Options" Page. Here is a "memory use" option. If it is set to "system cache", Windows XP uses about 4MB of physical memory as a cache for reading and writing hard disks. This can greatly improve data exchange between physical memory and virtual memory. speed. By default, this option is closed. If the computer's physical memory is sufficient, such as 256M or more, it is best to open this option. However, if the physical memory is tight, the default option should be retained.
The settings of the page file
. Calculation of the size of the page file
For different computers, the size of the page file is different. of. There are two widely circulated "formulas", "physical memory X2.5" or "physical memory X1.5". These two calculations are simple, but they are not suitable for all computers. The most accurate way to set the page file size is to see the size of the page files that the computer actually uses in normal operation.
The log function that comes with Windows XP can monitor the size of the page file used by the computer, so as to perform the most accurate settings. The specific steps are as follows.
1. Right-click on "My Computer", select "Properties-> Advanced", click the "Settings" button below "Performance", then select the "Advanced" page, click The "Change" button below "Virtual Memory". Choose "custom size" and set "start size" and "maximum values" to 300M, which is just a temporary setting. After the setting is completed, the computer is restarted to take effect.
2. Enter "Control Panel-> Performance and Maintenance-> Management Tools", "Performance", "Performance Log and Warning", "Diger Log". Right -click on the right side of the window to select "New Log Setting"
3, just set a log name, such as "monitoring virtual memory size".
4. Click the "Add Meter" button on the "Conventional" page.
In "PAGING FILE" in "Performance Object", and then select "%USAGE Peak" below the "Select the List" and Select "_total". Finally, click the "Add" and "Close" button.
5, don't forget to remember the log file storage position and file name in the "Log File" page, you need to check this log later to determine how much virtual memory the Windows XP usually uses. In this example, in this example The log file is stored in the D: Perflog directory.
It also set "Log file type" as "text file", so that it is easy to read.
It at this time you can see that the current surface of the log bar just built just now becomes green, which indicates that the log system is already monitoring virtual memory. If the icon is still red, you should click the mouse to select "Start" to start this log.
In open this CVS file after a period of time, you can see the following content.
This files record the use of the page file in this period of time. Note that the unit here is%, not MB. Through simple calculations, the minimum size of the page file can be obtained. The formula is "page file size x percentage". For example, in this example, the maximum usage ratio of virtual memory is 31%, 300MBX31%= 93MB. This value is the minimum value of virtual memory (note that 300MB is the temporary value of the previous settings).
If the physical memory is large, you can consider setting the "start size" and "maximum value" of the page file to equal, which is equal to the size calculated in the previous step. In this way, the hard disk will not cause disk fragments due to the transition expansion of the page file. Its side effects are because the "maximum value" is set. In case of accidental virtual memory overrun, the system may cause system collapse.
Set the page file
In the setting dialog box of "virtual memory" to select the custom size and set the "initial size" and "maximum maximum calculation results above the calculation results above value". The "initial size" is set to 91m here, and the "maximum value" is set to 200M, which is more secure.
The pieces of pieces of page files
Windows XP requires a lot of access file files. If the page files appear fragments, the system performance will be seriously affected, and the hard disk will be shortened by the hard disk Life life. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly sort out the page files.
. Don't forget, the page file is the key file of the system. Windows XP cannot access it when running. So it is not easy for it to organize it. There are two schemes to choose from. One is to install the Windows dual system, and then start another Windows to make fragmented by the partition where Windows XP is located. The second is to use special tool software, such as SYSTEM FILE.
There are many saying on virtual memory settings, the following statements for your reference.
1. The setting of memory is mainly set according to your memory size and the purpose of the computer. The so -called virtual memory is to use the memory of some hard disk space when your physical memory is not enough. However, because the speed of the hard disk transmission is much slower than the memory transmission speed, the virtual memory is slower than the physical memory efficiency. The actual value of the individual should be adjusted many times. Too a large number of fragments are set up, which seriously affects the speed of the system. If the set is too small, it is not enough, so the system will indicate that the virtual memory is too small.
2. In general, Windows can from motion allocation management virtual memory. It can dynamically adjust the size of the virtual memory according to the actual memory.
3, custom virtual memory, generally default virtual memory size is to take a range value, it is best to give it a fixed value, so that it is not easy to produce disk fragments. The specific value is determined according to your physical memory size. Generally It is 128MB of physical memory 2-3 times, 256MB is 1.5-2 times, 512MB is 1-1.5 times, and 1GB is 0.5 times or no. rn4、具体步骤如下：右键单击“我的电脑”→属性→高级→性能设置→高级→虚拟内存更改→选择虚拟内存（页面文件）存放的分区→自定义大小→确定最大值和Minimum value → setting → OK.
5, the partition stored in virtual memory (page file) must have enough space, insufficient hard disk resources, resulting in insufficient virtual memory.
As we all know, the task of the operating system is mainly to reasonably allocate various resources of the system and provide the operating environment for various procedures. It can be regarded as a medium between hardware and application software. Among them, the management of memory is one of the main responsibilities of the system. How to use limited memory on the blade and how to get rid of the "bottleneck" limit required by the system itself is a question worthy of our concern.
What is virtual memory
In I do n’t know if you find no, there is a system file called PageFile.sys in the Windows 2000 (XP) directory (Windows 98 is win386. SWP), its size often changes by itself. When it is small, it may only be tens of mega, and there are hundreds of megamies when they are large. This kind of irregular change really makes many people feel confused. In fact, PageFile.Sys is a virtual memory under Windows. Its role is basically similar to physical memory, but it exists as a "backup force" as a physical memory. That is to say, only when physical memory is not enough It will play a role.
The production of virtual memory
Is all know that although the hard disk is not as good as memory at the operation speed, the memory cannot be compared with the hard disk. When running a program requires a lot of data and occupies a large amount of memory, the memory will be "stuffed" and put those data that is temporarily unused to the hard disk, and the space of these data is virtual memory. Now we also understand why the size of PageFile.sys has often changed.
The optimization of virtual memory
The size of virtual memory is controlled by Windows, but this default Windows setting is not the best solution, so we have to treat it for it Make some adjustments. In this way, the best performance of the system can be used.
1. The position of the page file
The purpose is to maintain the continuity of the virtual memory. Because the hard disk read data is read on the magnetic material by magnetic heads, the page file is placed on different areas on the disk, and the magnetic head must jump around, which is naturally not conducive to improving efficiency. Moreover, there are many system disk files, and virtual memory must be discontinuous, so it must be placed on other disks. The method of changing the page file position of the page is: right -click "My Computer" with a mouse, select "Properties → Advanced → Performance Settings → Advanced Virtual Memory", select the position you want to change in the driver bar (see Figure 1) Just accept it. It is worth noting that when the page file is moved, the original file should be deleted (the system will not delete automatically).
FIG. 1 Change the position of the page file
2. Change the size of the page file
After changing the position of the page file, we can also be right Its size is adjusted (as shown in Figure 2). We need to pay attention when adjusting, do not set the maximum and smallest page files to equal value. Because the memory is usually not really "full", it will automatically put a part of the temporary unused data on the hard disk when the memory reaches reaches a certain degree. The larger the minimum page file, the lower the proportion, and the slower the execution speed. The maximum page file is the limit. Sometimes it opens a lot of programs. The memory and minimum page files are "full", and it will automatically overflow to the maximum page file. So it is unreasonable to set the two as equal values. Under normal circumstances, the smallest page file is set smaller, so that the more data can be stored as much as possible in the memory, the higher the efficiency. The largest page file is set larger to avoid "full" situation.
FIG. 2 Adjust the size of the page file
. Disable page files
When there is more than 512MB of memory, the function of the page file will be No longer obvious, so we can disable it. The method is: under the registry editor "HKEY_LOCAL_ MA-", in "DisablePa-Ging Executive" option, it can be set to "1" (Figure 3).
Figure 3 Disable page files
4. Clear page files
have a "(clear page file when shutting down), Set this value to "1" (as shown in Figure 4). The "Clear" page file mentioned here does not refer to the full delete PageFile.sys file from the hard disk, but "cleaning" and organizing it, so as to better use virtual memory to prepare for the next start of Windows XP to start Windows XP. Essence
Figure 4 Clear page files
Dingdang review: This article explains the concept and optimization method of virtual memory more in detail. It allows us to understand the working relationship between memory and hard disk, and at the same time that the virtual memory is not bigger and better, but reasonable adjustments should be made according to the specific configuration of the computer. I believe that after truly understanding and mastering the role and optimization method of virtual memory, it will definitely improve the performance of love machines.
The minimum value = 1.5 times the physical memory
The maximum value = 2.5 times the physical memory
If your physical memory is greater than 1g! You don't need to set it out!
not! Do not allocate automatically with the system! That would be very slow
According to Microsoft's suggestions (the initial value and maximum value is set to the same value)
The physical memory is less than 256m, and the virtual memory is set to 2 times the physical memory
The physical memory is greater than 256m, less than 512m, and virtual memory settings It is 1.5 times the physical memory
The physical memory is greater than 512M less than 1g. The virtual memory is the same value as the physical memory
The physical memory is greater than 1g, so there is no need to set the virtual memory, haha ~~